Pimpinella, particularly Pimpinella anisum (anise), has a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine for respiratory ailments, including sinus infections. Traditional systems such as Ayurveda and folk medicine in Europe and the Middle East have employed anise seeds and extracts to help relieve symptoms like nasal congestion, cough, and mucus buildup. The rationale behind its use is largely attributed to its expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and mild antimicrobial properties, which are believed to help in clearing blocked sinuses and reducing inflammation.

However, modern scientific validation for the use of Pimpinella specifically for sinus infections is limited. Some laboratory studies have identified antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in Pimpinella extracts, but these studies are preliminary and often not directly connected to clinical outcomes in sinusitis patients. There are no robust clinical trials or meta-analyses that firmly establish Pimpinella as an effective treatment for sinus infections. Thus, while its use is rooted in tradition and there is some biological plausibility, high-quality scientific evidence is lacking, and its efficacy remains unproven by contemporary medical standards.