Evening Primrose Oil (EPO), derived from the seeds of Oenothera biennis, is commonly used for skin conditions, particularly those involving dryness or flakiness, such as eczema and atopic dermatitis. The rationale behind its use is largely attributed to its high content of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid that is thought to help restore skin barrier function and improve moisture retention.

Several small clinical trials and systematic reviews have investigated the efficacy of EPO for improving skin moisture and reducing dryness. Results are mixed. Some studies report modest improvements in skin hydration and reduction in transepidermal water loss, while others find no significant benefit compared to placebo. For example, a 2013 Cochrane review concluded that evidence for EPO’s effectiveness in treating eczema (which includes dry, flaky skin) is insufficient and inconsistent. The European Medicines Agency and other regulatory bodies do not generally endorse EPO for skin conditions due to the limited and inconclusive evidence.

In summary, while there is a plausible biological mechanism and some scientific studies supporting the use of Evening Primrose Oil for dry and flaky skin, the overall quality and consistency of the evidence is low. Therefore, its use is supported by limited scientific validation rather than strong clinical proof.