Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Pistacia integerrima galls, commonly referred to as "karkatshringi" in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, have a long-standing use in the Indian subcontinent for treating respiratory ailments, including sore throat, cough, and asthma. The galls are typically powdered and administered orally or as part of polyherbal formulations. The rationale for their use is rooted in ancient Ayurvedic texts, which describe their expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. While there are a handful of scientific studies that have examined the phytochemistry of Pistacia integerrima galls—identifying constituents such as tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids with potential anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity—there is limited direct clinical evidence supporting their efficacy specifically for sore throat in humans. Most published research is preclinical, focusing on in vitro or animal models that show some reduction in inflammation or bacterial growth. The traditional use, however, is well documented, and the herb continues to be included in various Ayurvedic formulations for upper respiratory tract infections. Thus, the justification for using Pistacia integerrima gall for sore throat is primarily traditional, with a moderate level of indirect scientific support, but lacking substantial human clinical trials to strongly validate its effectiveness against sore throat.

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