Evidence supporting the use of: Tannins
For the health condition: Sore Throat

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Tannins are polyphenolic compounds found in various plants, and their use in treating sore throats is primarily rooted in traditional and folk medicine. Historically, astringent herbal preparations containing tannins—such as teas made from oak bark, witch hazel, or certain berries—have been gargled or consumed to soothe sore throats. The rationale is that tannins have astringent properties, which can constrict and tighten tissues, potentially reducing swelling and forming a protective layer over mucous membranes. This may provide temporary relief from irritation and inflammation associated with sore throats. Scientific studies specifically evaluating mixed tannins for sore throat relief are limited, and most available evidence is anecdotal or derived from general knowledge of tannins’ astringent effects. While in vitro studies show that tannins possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, clinical trials in humans for sore throat treatment are lacking. Therefore, the evidence supporting tannins for sore throat is traditional, with a low to moderate rating (2/5) due to the lack of direct scientific validation. It is also worth noting that excessive or prolonged use of tannins can irritate mucous membranes and may have adverse effects if ingested in large amounts. As such, while tannin-rich preparations continue to be used in folk remedies, their effectiveness for sore throat remains primarily supported by tradition rather than robust scientific evidence.

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