Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Phenethylamine (PEA) is a naturally occurring trace amine found in the human brain, where it acts as a neuromodulator. It is structurally similar to amphetamine and functions primarily by promoting the release of certain neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine, which are involved in mood, attention, and arousal. Scientific studies have shown that PEA can transiently increase synaptic dopamine and noradrenaline levels, which may explain its proposed mood-enhancing and stimulating effects. Some small clinical studies and case reports have explored the use of PEA or its derivatives for mood disorders, particularly depression and attention-deficit disorders, with mixed results. However, PEA is rapidly metabolized by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B), which limits its bioavailability when taken orally; for this reason, some research pairs PEA with MAO-B inhibitors to enhance its effects.

Despite its clear role as a neuromodulator and its ability to influence neurotransmitter systems in preclinical and limited clinical settings, robust, large-scale clinical evidence supporting its use for specific neurotransmitter-related disorders in humans is lacking. Most evidence comes from animal studies or small-scale human trials rather than established, guideline-based treatments. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale for its use in supporting neurotransmitter function, the strength of evidence is modest, and it is not considered a standard treatment for any neurological or psychiatric condition.

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