Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Sulbutiamine is a synthetic derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) that is able to cross the blood-brain barrier more effectively than thiamine itself. It has been investigated primarily in France and Japan for its potential to enhance cognitive function and combat fatigue. Some scientific studies suggest that sulbutiamine may modulate neurotransmitter systems, particularly cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways, which are involved in memory and alertness. For example, animal studies have shown that sulbutiamine can increase dopamine and glutamate transmission in certain brain regions, and may enhance long-term potentiation, a mechanism underlying learning and memory. Clinical evidence in humans, however, is limited. Some small studies suggest that sulbutiamine can reduce fatigue in patients with infections or chronic fatigue, and may have mild cognitive-enhancing effects in patients with asthenia (a syndrome characterized by physical weakness and mental fatigue). However, robust, placebo-controlled clinical trials in healthy individuals are lacking. There is also some evidence that sulbutiamine may increase the density of dopamine receptors or alter dopamine-related signaling, but the clinical relevance of these findings is unclear. In summary, while there is preclinical and limited clinical evidence suggesting that sulbutiamine can influence neurotransmitter systems, especially those related to cognitive function and fatigue, the overall quality and quantity of evidence is modest. Thus, its use to support the "Specific Neurotransmitters" body system is weakly supported by current science.

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