Evidence supporting the use of: Mixed carotenoids
For the health condition: Sunburn

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Mixed carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and others, are used to support skin health and protect against sunburn primarily based on scientific evidence. Multiple controlled studies have demonstrated that oral supplementation with certain carotenoids, particularly beta-carotene and lycopene, can increase the skin's natural defense against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. These compounds accumulate in the skin and act as antioxidants, neutralizing free radicals generated by UV exposure and thereby reducing oxidative damage that leads to erythema (redness) and sunburn. For instance, a meta-analysis published in 2012 in Photochemistry and Photobiology reviewed several clinical studies and found that beta-carotene supplementation over a period of at least 10 weeks provided significant protection against UV-induced erythema compared to placebo. Lycopene, found in tomatoes, has also been shown in human trials to reduce UV-induced skin redness after several weeks of supplementation. The protective effect is modest and requires consistent, long-term intake; carotenoids do not provide immediate or complete protection and should not be used as a substitute for topical sunscreens. While the evidence is more robust for beta-carotene and lycopene, the benefit of mixed carotenoids is presumed by extension, although the effects may vary depending on the specific formulation and doses. Overall, scientific validation supports the use of mixed carotenoids as a supplementary approach for reducing the severity of sunburn, but not as a sole protective measure.

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