Peptidases, also known as proteases, are enzymes that break down proteins into peptides and amino acids. Their use in supporting healing after surgery is primarily based on their ability to help reduce inflammation, modulate immune responses, and improve the removal of necrotic tissue and extracellular debris from the wound site. In clinical settings, proteolytic enzymes such as bromelain, serrapeptase, and trypsin have been studied for their potential to decrease postoperative swelling and pain, and to accelerate tissue repair.

Several small clinical trials and systematic reviews have indicated that certain oral proteolytic enzyme preparations may reduce edema, bruising, and inflammation after surgical procedures—most notably in oral, dental, and orthopedic surgeries. For example, bromelain and serrapeptase have shown some efficacy in reducing swelling and pain compared to placebo, and are sometimes used as adjuncts to standard care. However, the quality of evidence is moderate to low due to small sample sizes, heterogeneous study designs, and varying enzyme formulations.

Overall, while there is some scientific basis for the use of peptidase enzymes in supporting recovery from surgery, the evidence remains insufficient for robust recommendations. Further large-scale, well-controlled studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety, and to determine optimal dosing strategies.