Protodioscin is a steroidal saponin compound primarily found in the plant Tribulus terrestris, which has been traditionally used in various cultures to support male reproductive health, including the testes. Its use stems from historical practices in Ayurvedic and Traditional Chinese Medicine, where Tribulus extracts were utilized to enhance virility, libido, and general vitality. The rationale was based on observational reports of improved sexual function and fertility. From a scientific standpoint, protodioscin has been studied in animal and limited human models. Some studies suggest it may increase androgen levels (such as testosterone or its precursors) and improve sexual function, but the evidence is inconsistent and mostly of low quality. The majority of available studies are either in vitro or involve animal models, with few well-controlled human trials. Where increases in testosterone were reported, the effects were modest and not always reproducible. Major reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that there is insufficient clinical evidence to firmly support the use of protodioscin or Tribulus terrestris for boosting testosterone or directly supporting testicular function in humans. In summary, the use of protodioscin to support the testes is rooted primarily in traditional medicine rather than robust scientific validation. The evidence base is weak, with a lack of high-quality clinical trials to justify its use for this purpose.