Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Ajoene is a sulfur-containing compound derived from garlic (Allium sativum) that has attracted scientific interest for its potential antithrombotic (anti-blood clotting) properties. Research supports its use primarily on a scientific basis rather than traditional use. Several in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that ajoene can inhibit platelet aggregation — a key process in the formation of blood clots (thrombosis). Its mechanism involves the irreversible inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by various agonists such as ADP, collagen, and arachidonic acid. Ajoene is believed to interfere with fibrinogen binding to platelets and reduce thromboxane formation, both crucial for clot development.

Clinical evidence in humans is more limited but shows promise. A few small-scale studies and clinical trials have reported reduced platelet aggregation and improved blood fluidity in subjects taking garlic or ajoene extracts. However, large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials are lacking, and most clinical research has used garlic preparations rather than purified ajoene. As such, while there is moderate scientific evidence to suggest ajoene could help prevent or treat thrombosis, its use should be considered supplementary until more robust human data are available. Importantly, ajoene and garlic extracts may increase bleeding risk, particularly in individuals on anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

In summary, ajoene's antithrombotic effects are supported by a moderate body of scientific research, particularly from preclinical studies, with limited but encouraging clinical evidence.

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