Evidence supporting the use of: Streptococcus salivarius
For the health condition: Tooth Decay

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Streptococcus salivarius is a probiotic bacterium naturally present in the human oral cavity and has been investigated for its potential role in supporting oral health, particularly in relation to tooth decay (dental caries). Scientific studies have shown that specific strains of S. salivarius, such as K12 and M18, can inhibit the growth of cariogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, which are principal contributors to dental caries. These probiotic strains produce bacteriocins—antimicrobial peptides—that help reduce the colonization of harmful bacteria and decrease the acidification of dental biofilms, which is a key factor in tooth enamel demineralization and decay.

Clinical trials and in vitro studies have demonstrated that regular use of S. salivarius M18, delivered via lozenges or tablets, can modestly reduce S. mutans levels, dental plaque, and some markers of caries risk in children and adults. However, the magnitude of the effect is moderate, and probiotic use should be considered as a supplementary approach rather than a replacement for established oral hygiene practices such as brushing, flossing, and fluoride use. While the body of evidence is growing, more large-scale, long-term human studies are needed to fully confirm its effectiveness in preventing tooth decay. Overall, scientific support exists, but the current evidence is moderate in strength.

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