Xylitol is a sugar alcohol widely used in dental care products such as chewing gums, mints, and toothpastes. Scientific evidence supports its use in the prevention and management of tooth decay (dental caries). Xylitol is not fermentable by oral bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans, which are primarily responsible for caries development. When xylitol is present in the oral cavity, it disrupts the energy production processes of these bacteria, leading to reduced acid production and a decrease in the overall number of cariogenic bacteria.

Numerous clinical studies and systematic reviews, including those published by the Cochrane Collaboration, have demonstrated that regular use of xylitol-containing products can reduce the incidence of dental caries, particularly in children and adolescents. For example, daily chewing of xylitol gum has been shown to reduce new cavity formation and help remineralize enamel. The American Dental Association (ADA) recognizes xylitol's benefits and allows its use in products bearing the ADA Seal of Acceptance.

While the majority of evidence supports a moderate to significant benefit, the effect size can vary depending on dosage, frequency of use, and population studied. Most research suggests a daily intake of 5–10 grams of xylitol, divided into several exposures, is effective. In summary, xylitol's role in caries prevention is well supported by scientific research, justifying its inclusion in oral health products.