Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 1

Fritillaria, particularly species such as Fritillaria cirrhosa and Fritillaria thunbergii, has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for centuries to treat respiratory conditions, including coughs, bronchitis, and in some cases, symptoms associated with tuberculosis (TB). Its use in TB is primarily rooted in its reputed ability to clear heat and resolve phlegm, which aligns with traditional concepts of treating persistent cough and lung inflammation. In classic TCM texts, fritillaria bulbs (known as 'Chuan Bei Mu' and 'Zhe Bei Mu') are often included in herbal prescriptions for chronic cough and bloody sputum, symptoms that may be present in TB patients. However, scientific validation for fritillaria’s efficacy specifically against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the causative agent of TB) is limited. While modern pharmacological studies have identified some anti-inflammatory, antitussive, and expectorant properties in fritillaria alkaloids, these effects are mainly symptomatic and nonspecific. There is little direct evidence from clinical trials to support its use as a primary treatment for TB. The evidence rating is low (1), reflecting its traditional use for symptomatic relief rather than any proven antimicrobial action against TB. Current medical guidelines do not recognize fritillaria as a treatment for tuberculosis, and it should not be used as a substitute for standard anti-TB therapy.

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