Bifidobacterium lactis is a probiotic strain that has been investigated for its potential role in supporting gastrointestinal health, including its effect on ulcers, particularly gastric and peptic ulcers. While it is not a first-line treatment for ulcers and should not replace standard medical therapies (such as antibiotics for H. pylori or proton pump inhibitors), there is some emerging scientific evidence to suggest that B. lactis may confer benefits as an adjunct therapy.

Experimental and clinical studies have shown that B. lactis can help modulate the gut microbiota, enhance mucosal barrier function, and reduce inflammation. Some research suggests that it may inhibit the growth or colonization of Helicobacter pylori, a key causative agent in peptic ulcer disease. In animal models, supplementation with B. lactis has been associated with reduced ulcer formation and improved healing, likely due to its anti-inflammatory effects and ability to strengthen the mucosal barrier.

However, robust clinical trials in humans specifically addressing B. lactis for ulcer treatment are limited, and the existing evidence is mostly preliminary or indirect (such as studies on general gastric health or H. pylori eradication rates). Therefore, while there is a scientific rationale and some supportive evidence (hence a rating of 2/5), its use is best considered complementary, pending more conclusive human studies.