Pedalium murex, commonly known as "Gokhru" or "Large Caltrops," has a long history of use in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda and Siddha, particularly in India, for supporting urinary tract health and treating urinary tract infections (UTIs). In Ayurveda, Pedalium is classified as a "mutrala" (diuretic) herb and is often used in formulations intended to ease painful urination, support kidney function, and manage urinary disorders. Ancient texts and traditional practitioners have recommended decoctions or extracts of Pedalium fruit for their supposed cooling, soothing, and antimicrobial properties.

Scientific validation of Pedalium's effectiveness for UTIs is limited. Some preliminary studies have reported mild antimicrobial and diuretic effects in vitro and in animal models, which could theoretically contribute to relief in urinary tract conditions. However, robust clinical trials in humans are lacking. The majority of evidence for its use remains anecdotal or based on traditional practice rather than modern pharmacological validation. Thus, while Pedalium is widely used in traditional medicine for UTIs, scientific evidence supporting its efficacy is still emerging and is currently not strong enough to fully endorse its use according to modern medical standards.