Evidence supporting the use of: Pepper Bark Tree
For the health condition: Urinary Tract Infections
Synopsis
Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2
The Pepper Bark Tree (Warburgia salutaris), native to Southern Africa, has a long history of use in traditional medicine among various African communities. Its bark and leaves have been used to treat a range of ailments, including respiratory infections, fever, and notably, urinary tract infections (UTIs). The traditional justification for its use in UTIs is largely anecdotal and based on ethnobotanical surveys and oral histories. Healers have prepared decoctions of the bark or leaves, attributing antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties to the plant.
Limited scientific studies have investigated the phytochemistry of Warburgia salutaris. Some in vitro research has demonstrated that extracts of the bark possess antimicrobial activity against a range of pathogens, including some bacteria that can cause urinary tract infections. However, these studies are preliminary, often not conducted specifically on UTI pathogens such as Escherichia coli, and there is a lack of clinical trials in humans. The evidence for its effectiveness in treating UTIs remains weak by modern scientific standards.
In summary, the use of Pepper Bark Tree for UTIs is primarily supported by traditional use, with some preliminary laboratory evidence suggesting possible antimicrobial effects. However, robust clinical data is lacking, and the rating of 2 reflects the gap between traditional claims and scientific validation.
More about Pepper Bark Tree
More about Urinary Tract Infections
Other ingredients used for Urinary Tract Infections
alfalfaaloe vera
anthocyanins
asparagus
astragalus
bacillus subtilis
barberry
bearberry
berberine
berry flavor
black currant
radish
cassia bark
celery
cranberry
cucumber
D-mannose
dandelion
dong quai root
melon
echinacea purpurea
elderberry
fennel
fenugreek
fruit blend (proprietary)
fu ling
gokhru
goldenseal
green tea
hibiscus
Indian gum arabic tree
honeysuckle
knotweed
lactobacillus acidophilus
lactobacillus brevis
lactobacillus casei
lactobacillus crispatus
lactobacillus fermentum
lactobacillus gasseri
lactobacillus jensenii
lactobacillus paracasei
lactiplantibacillus plantarum
lactobacillus rhamnosus
lactobacillus salivarius
lophatherum leaf
methenamine
okra
ophiopogon root
pumpkin
pygeum
sage
vitamin C
watercress
watermelon
mulberry
sarsaparilla
cardamom
smilax
swertia
goldenrod
pau d'arco
juniper berries
cornsilk
buchu
birch
couch grass
sheep's sorrel
hydrangea
purslane
coix
shepherd's purse
goji berry
gravel root
akebia
Apple Cider Vinegar
Angelica
Arbutin
Agave
Agrimony
Aronia melanocarpa
Achyranthes
Anamu
Abrus
Alchornea
Alchemilla
Asafoetida
Aucubin
Aerva lanata
Adzuki bean
Agrimonia pilosa
Alisma
Abuta
Allium tuberosum
Amor seco
bergenin
Berberis (unspecified)
Big Quaking Grass
Bael
Black Gram
Bauhinia
Baobab
Baicalin
Bergenia
Bottle gourd
Cloudberry
Cucurbita
Coriander
Clerodendrum phlomidis
Carvacrol
Chanca Piedra
Coconut Water
Cistus
Cubeb
Crinum latifolium
Coin-leaf desmodium
Corn
Carambola
Cynodon dactylon
Currant
Dwarf Morning Glory
Desmodium
Euryale seed
Other health conditions supported by Pepper Bark Tree
Abdominal PainAcid Indigestion
Appetite (deficient)
Athlete's Foot
Boils
Bruises (healing)
Burns and Scalds
Cuts
Diarrhea
Digestion (poor)
Dyspepsia
Fever
Gastritis
Gingivitis
Infection
Infection (bacterial)
Inflammation
Insect Repellant
Itching
Itching Ears
Jaundice (adults)
Jaundice (infants)
Nausea and Vomiting
Pain (general remedies for)
Rashes and Hives
Scratches and Abrasions
Skin (infections)
Sore Throat
Staph Infections
Stress
Ulcers
Urinary Tract Infections
Wounds and Sores