Evidence supporting the use of: Saw palmetto
For the health condition: Urination (frequent)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) is commonly used to support urinary symptoms, particularly those associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men, such as frequent urination. The use of saw palmetto for urinary tract symptoms has both traditional roots and a moderate level of scientific investigation. Traditionally, Native American communities used saw palmetto for urinary and reproductive health. Modern scientific studies have explored its efficacy, primarily focusing on men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to BPH. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have found that saw palmetto extract may provide mild to moderate improvement in urinary symptoms, including frequency, nocturia, and flow measures, compared to placebo. However, findings are mixed: some large, high-quality studies (such as the 2011 STEP trial) found no significant benefit over placebo, while other reviews suggest modest improvement. The mechanism is proposed to involve inhibition of 5-alpha-reductase (an enzyme involved in testosterone metabolism) and anti-inflammatory effects. Overall, scientific evidence rates at a moderate level (3/5): saw palmetto is widely used, with some clinical support, but results are inconsistent and not universally endorsed by guidelines. Its use is primarily studied for men with BPH; evidence for other populations or for general urinary frequency is limited. Always consult a healthcare provider before using saw palmetto for urinary symptoms.

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