Evidence supporting the use of: Lactobacillus (unspepcified)
For the body system: Vagina

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Lactobacillus species are a dominant part of the healthy vaginal microbiota and are widely studied for their role in supporting vaginal health. Scientific evidence, particularly from clinical trials and microbiome research, demonstrates that Lactobacillus strains help maintain the acidic pH of the vagina (typically pH 3.8–4.5), which inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria and yeast. Strains such as Lactobacillus crispatus, L. jensenii, and L. gasseri are frequently found in healthy vaginal environments. Oral and intravaginal administration of certain Lactobacillus probiotics has shown efficacy in reducing recurrence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and yeast infections, and in restoring normal vaginal flora after antibiotic therapy.

Meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials have found that specific Lactobacillus strains, when administered as probiotics, can improve cure and recurrence rates for BV. These benefits are attributed to their ability to outcompete pathogens, produce lactic acid and bacteriocins, and modulate local immune responses. However, the degree of benefit varies depending on the strain and the formulation. While the evidence base is robust for some strains and conditions, it is not universal for all unspecified Lactobacillus species or for all vaginal health concerns. Still, overall, the scientific consensus supports the use of Lactobacillus probiotics as an adjunct or preventive measure for maintaining vaginal health.

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