Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Ruscogenin is a steroidal saponin found primarily in the rhizomes of Ruscus aculeatus (Butcher's Broom), a plant traditionally used for vascular conditions. Scientific interest in Ruscogenin centers on its anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictive properties, which are relevant to the treatment of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).

Several clinical trials and experimental studies support the use of extracts from Ruscus aculeatus—which contain ruscogenin and neoruscogenin—as venoactive agents. These compounds are thought to improve venous tone by stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors on venous smooth muscle, leading to vasoconstriction and reduced venous pooling. Additionally, ruscogenin exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting capillary permeability and leukocyte-endothelial interactions, which are implicated in the pathophysiology of varicose veins.

Meta-analyses and systematic reviews (e.g., meta-analysis by Martinez-Zapata et al., 2016, Cochrane Database) have found moderate evidence that Ruscus aculeatus extracts can alleviate symptoms such as leg heaviness, pain, and swelling in patients with CVI. However, most studies use the whole extract rather than isolated ruscogenin, and the sample sizes and methodological quality vary. Safety profiles are generally favorable.

In summary, while direct evidence for isolated ruscogenin is limited, the scientific literature provides moderate support for the use of Ruscus extracts containing ruscogenin in the management of varicose veins and related symptoms.

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