Evidence supporting the use of: Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG)
For the health condition: Wasting

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) has been investigated for its potential role in supporting or treating wasting, particularly in the context of muscle wasting associated with chronic illnesses, aging, or critical illness. The scientific rationale is primarily based on AKG's central role in the Krebs cycle, amino acid metabolism, and as a precursor for glutamine and glutamate synthesis—important for protein anabolism and immune function. Some research, primarily in animal models and limited clinical studies, suggests that AKG supplementation may help reduce muscle protein breakdown, support nitrogen balance, and attenuate loss of lean body mass during periods of catabolic stress (such as trauma, surgery, or chronic disease). For example, a few small-scale human studies in elderly or critically ill patients have shown that AKG (often as an arginine-AKG salt) can modestly preserve muscle mass or improve markers of protein metabolism. However, these studies are few, with small sample sizes and varying protocols. No large, definitive clinical trials have established AKG as an effective treatment for wasting disorders in humans. Thus, while there is a scientific basis and some preliminary evidence supporting AKG's use in this context, the quality and quantity of evidence is limited, and its routine clinical use for wasting is not yet well validated.

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