Evidence supporting the use of: Bitter orange
For the health condition: Weight Loss

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) has been used as a weight loss aid, primarily due to its content of synephrine, a compound structurally similar to ephedrine. After ephedra was banned by the FDA in 2004, bitter orange became a common substitute in weight loss supplements. Some small clinical trials and laboratory studies suggest that synephrine may increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure, potentially promoting modest weight loss when combined with diet and exercise. However, the overall scientific evidence is limited, inconsistent, and often based on studies with small sample sizes or poor methodological quality.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have found that the weight loss effect of bitter orange is minimal and not always statistically significant. Furthermore, the safety profile of bitter orange is a concern: it may increase blood pressure and heart rate, and there have been reports of serious adverse cardiovascular effects, especially when combined with caffeine or other stimulants.

In summary, while there is some scientific rationale for using bitter orange in weight loss supplements, the evidence for efficacy is weak (rating: 2/5), and safety concerns limit its recommendation. Further high-quality clinical research is needed to determine its true benefits and risks.

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