Evidence supporting the use of: Ma Huang
For the health condition: Wheezing
Synopsis
Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 3
Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica) has a long history of use in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating respiratory conditions, particularly wheezing, asthma, and coughs. In TCM, Ma Huang is valued for its ability to “release the exterior” and “disseminate Lung Qi,” which is believed to help open the airways and relieve breathing difficulties. The primary active compounds in Ma Huang are ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, which have known bronchodilatory and stimulant effects. Historically, decoctions containing Ma Huang were prescribed for acute bronchospasm and asthmatic attacks. The use is well-documented in classical Chinese medical texts such as the Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders), which dates back to the Han Dynasty (circa 200 CE).
While the traditional basis for Ma Huang’s use in wheezing is strong, scientific validation is moderate. The pharmacological effects of ephedrine support its bronchodilatory action, and ephedrine was once widely used in Western medicine for asthma and bronchitis before being replaced by safer, more selective medications. However, safety concerns related to cardiovascular and central nervous system side effects have led to restrictions or bans on its use in many countries. In summary, Ma Huang’s application for wheezing is primarily justified by traditional use, with some scientific understanding of its mechanism, but its clinical use today is limited by safety considerations.