Evidence supporting the use of: Choline
For the health condition: Fat Metabolism (poor)
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3
Choline is an essential nutrient that plays a significant role in fat metabolism, particularly in the liver. It is a precursor for phosphatidylcholine, a key component of very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) that are needed to export triglycerides from the liver. Without adequate choline, fat can accumulate in the liver, potentially leading to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Scientific studies in both animals and humans have demonstrated that choline deficiency results in impaired hepatic lipid export and subsequent fatty liver. For example, controlled human studies have shown that low-choline diets can induce signs of fatty liver and liver dysfunction, which are reversible upon choline repletion (Zeisel & da Costa, 2009).
While choline supplementation is clearly effective in preventing and treating choline-deficiency-induced fatty liver, evidence for its use in treating general "poor fat metabolism" in the absence of a deficiency is less robust. Some clinical trials suggest possible benefits of choline supplementation on liver health in specific populations, but there is limited evidence that it enhances overall fat metabolism or weight loss in healthy individuals. Therefore, its use is scientifically justified in the context of choline deficiency or certain liver conditions, but broad benefits for fat metabolism are less well-established. Overall, choline's role in fat metabolism is supported by a moderate level of clinical evidence, particularly for liver health.
Other ingredients used for Fat Metabolism (poor)
7-Keto-DHEAAcetyl L-carnitine
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
anchovies
artichoke
barberry
biotin
canola oil
capsaicinoids
choline
cinnamon
Coleus forskohlii
conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)
turmeric
dandelion
epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
fenugreek
flavonols
forskohlii root
garcinia
ginger
glucomannan
guggul
hesperetin
hydroxycitric acid
kelp
l-carnitine
lecithin
linoleic acid (LA)
lipase
medium chain triglycerides (MCT)
Milk thistle
omega-3 fatty acids
omega-7 fatty acids
palmitate
pantethine
phospholipids
black ginger
vitamin B
Zinc
bile salt
polyphenols
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
3-desoxy-7-KETO-DHEA
apple cider vinegar
avocado
Alpha methyl tetradecylthioacetic acid
beta-hydroxybutyrate
Berberis (unspecified)
chia seed
capric acid
cardarine
carqueja
capsinoids
coconut oil
coriander
capsaicin
capsiate
cha de bugre
diacylglycerol
dihydrocapsiate
evodiamine
ephedrine
flavanones
fucoxanthin
forskolin
grains of paradise
gymnemic acids
Higenamine
isomaltulose
lipstatin
Legume protein
macadamia
Monounsaturated fat
oolong tea
Oleoylethanolamide
phaseolamin
Palatinose
Perperine
Pinolenic acid
Rauwolscine
robusta coffee
Synephrine
Tetradecylthioacetic acid
Thylakoid
Ursolic Acid
Wakame
Walnut
Yohimbine
Products containing choline
Integrative Therapeutics
Active B-Complex
Vitabase
Active Woman's Multi
Thorne
Advanced Nutrients Multivitamin
Vitabase
B-Complex 100 mg Sustained Release
Thorne
B-Complex #12
Thorne
B-Complex #6
Designs For Health
B-Supreme
Designs For Health
B-Supreme
Pure Encapsulations
B6 Complex
Pure Encapsulations
B6 Complex
Thorne
Basic B Complex
Thorne
Basic Prenatal Multivitamin
Vitabase
Brain Support
Pure Encapsulations
Choline Bitartrate
Douglas Laboratories
Choline Bitartrate
Integrative Therapeutics
Detoxication Factors
Integrative Therapeutics
Detoxication Factors
Metagenics
Glutagenics
Integrative Therapeutics
Glycemic Manager
Metagenics
Glycogenics
Vitabase
Hair, Skin & Nails Formula
Integrative Therapeutics
K-PAX MitoNutrients
Klean Athlete
Klean B-Complex
Klean Athlete
Klean Multivitamin ™
Vitabase
Life's Essentials Plus
Metagenics
Lipo-Gen™
Metagenics
Lipo-Gen
Integrative Therapeutics
Lipotropic Complex
Pure Encapsulations
Lipotropic Detox
Thorne
MediClear Plus
Thorne
Men's Multi 50+
Metagenics
MetaKids Nutrition Powder Chocolate
Metagenics
MetaKids Nutrition Powder Vanilla
Thorne
Multi-Vitamin Elite NSF
Thorne
Multi-Vitamin Elite NSF
Metagenics
Multigenics®
Metagenics
Multigenics Intensive Care
Metagenics
Multigenics Intensive Care without Iron
Metagenics
Multigenics without Iron
Integrative Therapeutics
Multiplex-1 No-Iron
Pure Encapsulations
NeuroMood Pure Pack
Integrative Therapeutics
Nutrivitamin No-Iron
Pure Encapsulations
O.N.E.™ Multivitamin
Pure Encapsulations
O.N.E.™ Multivitamin
Pure Encapsulations
O.N.E.™ Multivitamin
Designs For Health
PaleoCleanse Plus™
Designs For Health
PaleoCleanse Plus™
Designs For Health
PaleoCleanse Plus™ Detox Program
Designs For Health
PaleoCleanse Plus™Chocolate Detox Kit
Designs For Health
PaleoMeal®
Designs For Health
PaleoMeal®
Integrative Therapeutics
Physicians Elemental Diet Dextrose Free
Integrative Therapeutics
Physician's Elemental Diet
Integrative Therapeutics
Physician's Elemental Diet
Integrative Therapeutics
Physicians Elemental Diet Kit
Metagenics
PhytoMulti™ Multivitamin
Metagenics
PhytoMulti With Iron
Metagenics
PhytoMulti Without Iron
Metagenics
PhytoMultivitamin
Designs For Health
Plant Protein Cleanse Plus™ 570g
Metagenics
PlusOne® Daily Prenatal Packs
Pure Encapsulations
Polyphenol Nutrients
Pure Encapsulations
Polyphenol Nutrients
Douglas Laboratories
Prenatal
Pure Encapsulations
PreNatal Nutrients
Pure Encapsulations
PreNatal Nutrients
Designs For Health
Prenatal Pro™
Pure Encapsulations
PureGenomics® B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations
PureGenomics® Multivitamin
Pure Encapsulations
PureGenomics® UltraMultivitamin
Pure Encapsulations
PurePals
Pure Encapsulations
PurePals with Iron
Pure Encapsulations
PureResponse™ Multivitamin
Thorne
Stress B-Complex
Douglas Laboratories
Stress-B-Plus ™
Vitabase
Super Fat Burner
Vitabase
Super Stress Formula
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra B-Complex
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive ® 2 Daily
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive 50+ -EZ Swallow
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive ®-EZ Swallow
Douglas Laboratories
ULTRA PREVENTIVE® III W/COPPER
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive ® Kids Grape Flavor
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive ® Kids Orange Flavor
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive One Daily
Douglas Laboratories
Ultra Preventive® X
Pure Encapsulations
UltraDetox 10-Day Pure Pack
Metagenics
Wellness Essentials Active Daily Packs
Metagenics
Wellness Essentials Brain Health Daily Packs
Metagenics
Wellness Essentials® Daily Packs
Metagenics
Wellness Essentials Healthy Balance Daily Packs
Metagenics
Wellness Essentials Men's Vitality Daily Packs
Metagenics
Wellness Essentials Women's Daily Packs
Metagenics
Wellness Essentials Women's Prime Daily Packs
Thorne
Women's Multi 50+
Pure Encapsulations
Women's Nutrients
Pure Encapsulations
Women's Nutrients