Evidence supporting the use of: Folate
For the body system: Heart

Links: Go back one page, Tool main page, Ingredients list, Health conditions list, Body systems list

Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Folate (vitamin B9) is scientifically validated as important for heart health, primarily due to its role in regulating homocysteine levels in the blood. Elevated homocysteine is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and folate, along with vitamins B6 and B12, is involved in its metabolism. Multiple observational studies and meta-analyses have demonstrated that low levels of folate are associated with higher homocysteine and increased cardiovascular risk. Supplementation with folic acid reliably lowers homocysteine concentrations, as confirmed by randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

However, the translation of reduced homocysteine to reduced cardiovascular events (such as heart attack and stroke) is less clear. Large RCTs, including the HOPE-2 and NORVIT trials, have generally shown that while folic acid supplementation lowers homocysteine, it does not significantly reduce the incidence of heart attacks or overall cardiovascular mortality in populations with adequate folate intake. There is, however, some evidence that folic acid supplementation may reduce the risk of stroke, particularly in populations where folate deficiency is common and foods are not fortified.

In summary, while folate is essential for cardiovascular health and reliably lowers a known risk marker (homocysteine), the evidence that supplementation reduces cardiovascular events is mixed. The scientific rationale for folate supporting the heart system is therefore moderate (3/5), with the strongest support being in homocysteine management rather than direct prevention of heart disease or heart attacks.

More about folate
More about Heart

Other ingredients that support Heart

1,3,7-Trimethylpurine-2,6-dione
Acacetin
Acai berry
Acetyl L-carnitine
adenosine 5-triphosphate disodium (ATP)
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Adrenergic amines
Adzuki bean
Agarwood
Ajoene
Alcohol
Alfalfa
Algae
algal oil
Algal protein
Allicin
Alliin
Allium tuberosum
Almond fruit
Alpha phytosterol
Alpha-carotene
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
alpha-lipoic acid
amaranth
amino acids
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
ampelopsin
anchovies
andrographolide
animal protein
anthocyanidins
anthocyanins
anthocyanosides
Antrodia camphorata
apigenin
apocynin
apple
apple cider vinegar
apricot
argan nut oil
Arginine aspartate
arginine creatine
Arginine malate
Arginine nitrate
Arginine orotate
Arginine silicate
arjun tree
arjuna
arjunic acid
Arjunolic acid
Aronia melanocarpa
ashitaba
Ashoka
ashwagandha
astaxanthin
Asteraceae
astragalin
astragaloside
astragalus
avocado
bael
baicalein
baicalin
balsam
bamboo
banana
barley
basil
bayleaf
bean
bee pollen
bee products
bee propolis
Beef liver
beet
belleric myrobalan
benfotiamine
berberine
bergamot
berry
beta and delta tocopherols
beta-hydroxybutyrate
beta-sitosterol
betanin
bignay
bilberry
bioflavonoids
bishop\'s weed
black cumin
black currant
black garlic
black ginger
black seed
black tea
blackberry
blubber oil
blueberry
Boerhavia diffusa
bonito peptide
borage
borneol
bottle gourd
bovine heart
Brassica
Brazil nut
breadnut
broccoli
Brussel sprouts
brutieridin
Buckwheat
buffalo
bugleweed
butylphthalide
C-phycocyanin
cactus
caffeic Acid
caffeine
calamari oil
Calanus finmarchicus
calcium
calycosin
camelina oil
Camellia sinensis
campesterol
capers
capsaicin
capsaicinoids
capsicum
cardamom
cardiolipin
Carnosine
carnosol
Carthamus
Casearia sylvestris
cassia bark
catalpol
catechins
catecholamine
caterpillar mushroom
cayenne pepper
celery
Cereus
cha de bugre
chaga mushroom
cherry
chia seed
chia seed
Chinese salvia root
Chinese thoroughwax
chlorogenic acid
chocolate
chokeberry
chrysanthemum
Cinnamomum
cinnamon
Citrus
citrus bioflavonoids
citrus sinensis (proprietary)
Clerodendrum trichotomum
cocarboxylase
cocoa
Coconut Water
cod liver oil
Codonopsis
coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
cola nut
Coleus forskohlii
collard
commiphora
copper
cordyceps
coriander
cortisol
Corydalis
creatine
crocetin
cruciferous
Curcuma
curcumin
Curcuminoid
currant
curry leaf
cuspidatum root
cutch
cyanidin
Cyclanthera pedata
d-alpha tocopherol
D-Ribose
danshen
date
deer velvet
dextrose
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)
diallyl disulfide (DADS)
diallyl trisulfide (DATS)
Digitalis
dihydrolipoic acid
dismutase
docosahexaenoic Acid
dong quai root
DPA (docosapentaenoic acid)
dulse
durian
Echium
egg
eicosapentaenoic acid
electrolytes blend (proprietary)
eleuthero
emblicanin
EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
ephedrine
epicatechin
epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
ergothioneine
eriocitrin
Erythrina
essential oil blend
Eucommia ulmoides
Evodia
Fagopyrum
fat liver oil
fatty acids
ferulic acid
fiber
fibroblast growth factor
Ficus religiosa
figwort
fisetin
fish
fish oil
fish protein
flavanols
flavanones
flavans
flavin mononucleotide
flavoglycosides
flavones
flavonoids
flavonols
flavonones
flaxseed
fo-ti
folate
folic acid
formononetin
forskohlii root
forskolin
foxglove
Foxtail millet
fruit
fruit and vegetable blend (proprietary)
fruit blend (proprietary)
fu ling
fucosterol
fungus
furostanols
ganoderma
garbanzo bean
gardenia
Gardenia jasminoides
garlic
garlic bulb
ginger
Ginkgoside
ginseng
Ginsenosides
glucomannan
glucose
Glycoside
GMS-ribose
gokhru
gooseberry
grape
Greek mountain tea
green tea
greens blend (proprietary)
Guava
guggul
Guggulsterones
Gypenoside
hawthorn
hazelnut
heal-all
hemp oil
herbal blend (proprietary)
hesperetin
hesperidin
hibiscus
Higenamine
holly
honey
Honokiol
horse gram
hydroxyphenylethanols
hydroxytyrosol
Hyperoside
Ilex
Immortelle
inositol nicotinate
inula racemosa
iron
isoliquiritigenin
isoquinoline alkaloids
Jaboticaba
Jatamansi
jiaogulan
jujube
Kaempferol
kale
knotgrass
knotweed
kola nut
krill oil
kuding tea
kudzu
Kumquat
L-arginine
l-carnitine
L-citrulline
L-taurine
Lactotripeptides
Large-leaved linden
Legume protein
lemon
Lentil
lignans
Ligusticum
Ligustrazin
lily
linden
lingzhi
linoleic acid (LA)
linseed oil
lipids
longan
Loranthus
lotus
lotus seed
lumbrokinase
luteolin
lycopene
macadamia
magnesium
magnesium
mangiferin
mango
mangosteen
maqui berry
Marine fat
Marine lipid
Marine protein
Marjoram
Marking Nut Tree
Maslinic acid
Matcha
Mate
Mealy Kudzu
Methoxylated flavones
Methylxanthine
Milkweed
Mineral ascorbate
mixed carotenoids
Molasses
Monacolin
Monounsaturated fat
Morinda
Moringa
Motherwort
Mountain mahogany
Mulberry
Mung bean
Mushroom
mustard seed
Myricetin
Myricitrin
Myrobalan
N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC)
N-Coumaroyldopamine
NADH
Nannochloropsis
Nardostachys
Naringenin
Naringin
Nattokinase
Nattozimes
Niacin (vitamin B3)
nicotinamide riboside
Nigella seed
Nobiletin
noni
Nymphaea caerulea
Nymphaea nouchali
oat
okra
oleanolic acid
oleic acid
Oleoperin
Oleuropein
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins
olive
omega-3 fatty acids
omega-6 fatty acids
omega-7 fatty acids
omega-9 fatty acids
onion
Onosma bracteatum
oolong tea
Ophiopogon
ophiopogon root
oriental arborvitae
oyster mushroom
pagoda tree
palmitoleic acid
pantethine
parsley
Passionfruit
peach
peanut
Pentacyclic triterpenoids
Peptides
Persimmon
phenolic compounds
Phenylpropanoids
phlorotannins
Phosphocreatine
phospholipids
Phthalides
Phyllanthus
phytosterols
pine bark
Pistachio
Plankton
plant sterols
plum fruit
policosanol
pollen
Polydatin
Polygonatum
Polygonum
polymethoxylated flavones
polyphenols
polyunsaturated fat
pomegranate
pomelo
potassium
prepared aconite tuber
prickly ash
proanthocyanidins
procyanidin
Propionyl-L-Carnitine
protein
Prunus
psyllium
pu-er tea
Puerain
Puerarin
pumpkin
punarnava
punicalagins
punicosides
Purple milkweed
purple tea
purslane
Pycnogenol
pyrroloquinoline quinone
pyruvate
quercetin
quinoa
Quinoa Protein
rapeseed oil
Rauvolfia
red clover
red yeast
red yeast rice
Rehmannia
rehmannia glutinosa
reishi mushroom
resveratrol
rhizome
Rhododendron
Rhus coraria
Rhus coriaria
Rhus glabra
ribose
Rooibos
Rosa roxburghii
Rosabin
rosavins
rose
rose oil
rosemary
Rosy conk
Rubiaceae
rue
Rutaecarpine
rutin
Rutosides
rye
S-allylcysteine
Sacha Inchi
safflower oil
saffron
Salba Oil
Salidroside
Salmon Oil
salt
Salvia
Salvianolic acid
Schisandrins
Schizochytrium
Schizochytrium Oil
Scoparia dulcis
Scotch Broom
secoisolariciresinol diglucoside
selenium
Semecarpus anacardium
sesame
Sesamin
Sete sangrias
Shankhpushpi
Shilajit
Sichuan Lovage
Sida cordifolia
sitostanol
Sitosterol
Snakeroot
soursop
Soy
soy isoflavones
Soy Protein
soybean
Spantholobus
Spatholobus
specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs)
Sphaeranthus indicus
Spikenard
spinach
spirulina
Stearidonic acid
sterols
Stigmastanol
Stilbenoid
Stone Root
strawberry
Sulforaphane
sulforaphane glucosinolate
Sumac
sunflower
Sunflower oil
Szechuan lovage
Tamarind
Tanshinone
Taurine
Taxifolin
Tea
Tejocote
Terminalia
Terpenoids
Theaflavin
Theobromine
Thiamin (vitamin B1)
Thymoquinone
Tiger Nut
tocotrienols
trace minerals
Trans-pterostilbene
tribulus
Tribulus Terrestris
Tridax
Trimethylglycine (TMG)
Triphala
Triterpenes
Tropical jewel hisbiscus
Troxerutin
Tulbaghia
turmeric
Tynanthus panurensis
Tyrosol
ubiquinol
Urolithin A
Valyl-Prolyl-Proline
vegetable and fruit blend (proprietary)
vegetable blend (proprietary)
vegetable oil
Vegetable Protein
Vervain
Vine tea
vitamin B
vitamin B12
vitamin B6
vitamin C
vitamin D
vitamin D3
vitamin E
vitamin K
Vitexin
Walnut
Watercress
Watermelon
Wax Gourd
wheat germ
White Tea
Wood betony
Xanthine
Xanthohumol
Xantinol Nicotinate
Yarrow
Yerba mate
Ylang ylang
Yumberry
Yuzu
Zinc
β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)

Products containing folate

Thorne 5-MTHF 1 mg Folate
Thorne 5-MTHF 5 mg Folate
Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex
Vitabase Active Man's Formula
Vitabase Active Woman's Multi
Metagenics AdvaClear
Metagenics AdvaClear
Thorne Advanced Bone Support Oscap
Thorne Advanced Nutrients Multivitamin
Metagenics ArginCor®
Metagenics Arginine Plus™
Metagenics Axis Endo™ Mango
Douglas Laboratories B-Complex
Vitabase B-Complex 100 mg Sustained Release
Thorne B-Complex #12
Thorne B-Complex #6
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Pure Encapsulations B-Complex Plus
Designs For Health B-Supreme
Designs For Health B-Supreme
Pure Encapsulations B12 Folate
Pure Encapsulations B6 Complex
Pure Encapsulations B6 Complex
Thorne Basic B Complex
Thorne Basic Nutrients 2/Day Multivitamin
Thorne Basic Prenatal Multivitamin
Metagenics Blisphora®
Thorne Catalyte
Metagenics Ceralin® Forte
Vitabase Cholesterol Support
Metagenics Clear Change 10-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus Berry
Metagenics Clear Change 10-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus pH
Metagenics Clear Change 10-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus pH Pineapple Banana
Metagenics Clear Change 10-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus Pineapple Banana
Metagenics Clear Change 10-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus Vanilla
Metagenics Clear Change 10-Day Detox Program with UltraClear RENEW Berry
Metagenics Clear Change 10-Day Detox Program with UltraClear RENEW Chai
Metagenics Clear Change 10-Day Detox Program with UltraClear RENEW Vanilla
Metagenics Clear Change 28-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus Berry
Metagenics Clear Change 28-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus pH Pineapple Banana
Metagenics Clear Change 28-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus pH Vanilla
Metagenics Clear Change 28-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus Pineapple Banana
Metagenics Clear Change 28-Day Detox Program with UltraClear Plus Vanilla
Metagenics Clear Change 28-Day Detox Program with UltraClear RENEW Berry
Metagenics Clear Change 28-Day Detox Program with UltraClear RENEW Chai
Metagenics Clear Change 28-Day Detox Program with UltraClear RENEW Vanilla
Metagenics Clear Change Daily Essentials
Integrative Therapeutics Clinical Nutrients HP
Thorne Craving and Stress Support Relora Plus
Integrative Therapeutics Detoxication Factors
Designs For Health DFH Complete Multi™
Designs For Health DFH Complete Multi™ with Copper
Designs For Health DFH Complete Multi™ with Copper & Iron
Pure Encapsulations DopaPlus
Vitabase Easy Iron
Pure Encapsulations Energize Plus™ Pure Pack
Metagenics EstroFactors®
Metagenics Fem Prenatal®
Designs For Health FemGuard+Balance™
Thorne Ferrasorb
Metagenics FolaPro
Pure Encapsulations Folate 1,000
Pure Encapsulations Folate 400
Pure Encapsulations Folate 5,000
Pure Encapsulations Folate 5,000 Plus
Pure Encapsulations Folic Acid
Metagenics GI Sustain™ Powder
Metagenics Glutagenics
Integrative Therapeutics Glycemic Manager
Metagenics Glycogenics
Vitabase Hair, Skin & Nails Formula
Pure Encapsulations Hair/Skin/Nails Ultra
Metagenics Hemagenics
Metagenics Hemagenics
Metagenics HerSynergy®
Pure Encapsulations Homocysteine Factors
Pure Encapsulations Homocysteine Factors
Designs For Health Homocysteine Supreme™
Designs For Health Homocysteine Supreme™
Metagenics Intrinsi B-12 Folate
Metagenics Intrinsi B12-Folate
Integrative Therapeutics Iron Complex
Integrative Therapeutics K-PAX MitoNutrients
Metagenics Ketogenic Shake Chocolate
Metagenics Ketogenic Shake Vanilla
Klean Athlete Klean B-Complex
Klean Athlete Klean Multivitamin ™
Designs For Health L-5-MTHF 1700MCG
Designs For Health L-5-MTHF 8500 MCG
Thorne L-Arginine Plus Perfusia Plus
Vitabase Life's Essentials Plus
Metagenics Lipo-Gen™
Metagenics Lipo-Gen
Designs For Health Liposomal B Supreme
Integrative Therapeutics Lipotropic Complex
Pure Encapsulations Lipotropic Detox
Integrative Therapeutics Liquid Iron
Thorne MediClear Plus
Thorne Men's Multi 50+
Metagenics Meta-Sitosterol™ 2.0
Designs For Health Metabolic Synergy™
Designs For Health Metabolic Synergy™
Metagenics MetaGlycemX™
Metagenics MetaGlycemX
Metagenics MetaKids Multi Soft Chew Grape
Metagenics MetaKids Nutrition Powder Chocolate
Metagenics MetaKids Nutrition Powder Vanilla
Metagenics MetaRelax®
Douglas Laboratories Methyl B12 Plus
Douglas Laboratories Methyl Folate
Douglas Laboratories Methyl Folate
Douglas Laboratories Methyl Folate 5 mg
Thorne Methyl-Guard
Thorne Methyl-Guard Plus
Pure Encapsulations MethylAssist
Metagenics MethylCare
Metagenics MitoVive
Designs For Health Mood-Stasis™
Pure Encapsulations Multi t/d
Pure Encapsulations Multi t/d
Thorne Multi-Vitamin Elite NSF
Thorne Multi-Vitamin Elite NSF
Metagenics Multigenics®
Metagenics Multigenics Chewable Orange
Metagenics Multigenics Intensive Care
Metagenics Multigenics Intensive Care without Iron
Metagenics Multigenics without Iron
Integrative Therapeutics Multiplex-1 No-Iron
Pure Encapsulations NeuroMood Pure Pack
Pure Encapsulations NeuroPure
Designs For Health NeuroRenew™
Designs For Health NOx Synergy™
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950®
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950®
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950®
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950® A without Copper & Iron
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950® with NAC
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950® with Vitamin K
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950® without Copper, Iron & Iodine
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950® without Iron
Pure Encapsulations Nutrient 950® without Iron
Integrative Therapeutics Nutrivitamin No-Iron
Pure Encapsulations O.N.E.™ Multivitamin
Pure Encapsulations O.N.E.™ Multivitamin
Pure Encapsulations O.N.E.™ Multivitamin
Designs For Health OcuForce™
Integrative Therapeutics Osteoprime Forte
Integrative Therapeutics Osteoprime Ultra
Thorne Ovarian Care
Designs For Health PaleoCleanse Plus™
Designs For Health PaleoCleanse Plus™
Designs For Health PaleoCleanse Plus™ Detox Program
Designs For Health PaleoCleanse Plus™Chocolate Detox Kit
Designs For Health PaleoMeal®
Designs For Health PaleoMeal®
Integrative Therapeutics Physicians Elemental Diet Dextrose Free
Integrative Therapeutics Physician's Elemental Diet
Integrative Therapeutics Physician's Elemental Diet
Integrative Therapeutics Physicians Elemental Diet Kit
Metagenics PhytoMulti™ Multivitamin
Metagenics PhytoMulti With Iron
Metagenics PhytoMulti Without Iron
Metagenics PhytoMultivitamin
Designs For Health Plant Protein Cleanse
Designs For Health Plant Protein Cleanse Plus™ 570g
Designs For Health Plant Protein Meal
Designs For Health Plant Protein Meal Plus
Designs For Health Plant Protein Meal
Metagenics PlusOne® Daily Prenatal Packs
Pure Encapsulations Polyphenol Nutrients
Pure Encapsulations Polyphenol Nutrients
Douglas Laboratories Prenatal
Pure Encapsulations PreNatal Nutrients
Pure Encapsulations PreNatal Nutrients
Designs For Health Prenatal Pro™
Designs For Health Primal Multi™
Integrative Therapeutics ProThrivers Multivitamin
Pure Encapsulations PureGenomics® B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations PureGenomics® Multivitamin
Pure Encapsulations PureGenomics® UltraMultivitamin
Pure Encapsulations PureLean® Protein
Pure Encapsulations PureMelt B12 Folate
Pure Encapsulations PurePals
Pure Encapsulations PurePals with Iron
Pure Encapsulations PureResponse™ Multivitamin
Douglas Laboratories Relora ®-Plex
Metagenics Renagen™ DTX
Pure Encapsulations RevitalAge™ Nerve
Designs For Health SAMe
Designs For Health SAMe
Pure Encapsulations SeroPlus
Metagenics SeroSyn
Thorne Stress B-Complex
Douglas Laboratories Stress-B-Plus ™
Designs For Health Super Liquid Folate
Vitabase Super Stress Formula
Metagenics Testralin®
Designs For Health Trifolamin™ lozenges
Designs For Health Twice Daily Essential Packets
Designs For Health Twice Daily Multi™
Designs For Health Twice Daily Multi™
Designs For Health Twice Daily Multi™
Douglas Laboratories Ultra B-Complex
Pure Encapsulations Ultra B-Complex with PQQ
Designs For Health Ultra B12-Folate
Metagenics Ultra Glucose Control® Chocolate
Metagenics Ultra Glucose Control Chocolate
Metagenics Ultra Glucose Control Vanilla
Metagenics Ultra Glucose Control Vanilla
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive ® 2 Daily
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive 50+ -EZ Swallow
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive ®-EZ Swallow
Douglas Laboratories ULTRA PREVENTIVE® III W/COPPER
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive ® Kids Grape Flavor
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive ® Kids Orange Flavor
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive One Daily
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Preventive® X
Douglas Laboratories Ultra Protein Green
Pure Encapsulations Ultra Pure Pack
Metagenics UltraClear Detox Powder
Metagenics UltraClear Plus® Detox Powder
Metagenics UltraClear Plus Detox Powder Berry
Metagenics UltraClear Plus Detox Powder Pineapple/Banana
Metagenics UltraClear Plus pH Detox Powder Pineapple/Banana
Metagenics UltraClear Plus pH Detox Powder Vanilla
Metagenics UltraClear RENEW Detox Powder Berry
Metagenics UltraClear RENEW Detox Powder Chai
Metagenics UltraClear RENEW Detox Powder Vanilla
Pure Encapsulations UltraDetox 10-Day Pure Pack
Metagenics UltraGI Replenish® Chocolate
Metagenics UltraGI Replenish Chocolate
Metagenics UltraGI Replenish Vanilla
Metagenics UltraGI Replenish Vanilla
Metagenics UltraInflamX Plus 360°® Chocolate/Orange
Metagenics UltraInflamX Plus 360° Mango
Metagenics UltraInflamX Plus 360° Mango
Metagenics UltraInflamX Plus 360° Orange
Metagenics UltraInflamX Plus 360° Original Spice
Metagenics UltraInflamX Plus 360° Pineapple/Banana
Metagenics UltraInflamX Plus 360° Pineapple/Banana
Metagenics UltraMeal Advanced Protein® Dutch Chocolate
Metagenics UltraMeal Advanced Protein French Vanilla
Metagenics UltraMeal Advanced Protein Plain
Metagenics UltraMeal Cardio 360°® Pea/Rice Chocolate
Metagenics UltraMeal Cardio 360° Pea/Rice Vanilla
Metagenics UltraMeal® Daily Support Dutch Chocolate
Metagenics UltraMeal Daily Support Mixed Berry
Metagenics UltraMeal Rice Vanilla
Pure Encapsulations UltraNutrient®
Pure Encapsulations UltraNutrient®
Pure Encapsulations UltraNutrient®
Pure Encapsulations VisionPro Nutrients
Metagenics Wellness Essentials Active Daily Packs
Metagenics Wellness Essentials Brain Health Daily Packs
Metagenics Wellness Essentials® Daily Packs
Metagenics Wellness Essentials Healthy Balance Daily Packs
Metagenics Wellness Essentials Men's Vitality Daily Packs
Metagenics Wellness Essentials Women's Daily Packs
Metagenics Wellness Essentials Women's Prime Daily Packs
Thorne Women's Multi 50+
Pure Encapsulations Women's Nutrients
Pure Encapsulations Women's Nutrients
Designs For Health Women's Twice Daily Essential Packets